Finally, we propose a model for ischemia/reperfusion injury in which the extent of proteolytic and transglutaminase activities ultimately determines whether apoptosis or necrosis is achieved. This study characterized the modified TnI products in isolated rat hearts reperfused after a brief or severe period of ischemia, revealing the progressive nature of TnI degradation, changes in phosphorylation, and covalent complexes with ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Two-dimensional electrophoresis demonstrated that phosphorylation of TnI prevents ischemia-induced degradation. With severe ischemia, cellular necrosis results in specific release of TnI 1–193 into the reperfusion effluent and TnT degradation in the myocardium (25-, 27-, and 33-kDa products). The covalent complexes are likely a result of isopeptide bond formation between lysine 193 of TnI and glutamine 191 of TnT by the cross-linking enzyme transglutaminase.
Degradation is accompanied by formation of covalent complexes between TnI 1–193 and, respectively, TnC residues 1–94 and troponin T (TnT) residues 191–298. Rat cardiac TnI becomes progressively degraded from 210 amino acid residues to residues 1–193, 63–193, and 73–193 with increased severity of injury. We have isolated and characterized modified TnI products in isolated rat hearts after 0, 15, or 60 minutes of ischemia followed by 45 minutes of reperfusion using affinity chromatography with cardiac troponin C (TnC) and an anti-TnI antibody, immunological mapping, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry.
But (without offending anybody) most of those tools are programmed horribly.
I tried to use many different VOD downloaders. I know there are many people out there who want to download their past broadcasts and highlights from.
0 kommentar(er)
